3.1 Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV)īmNPV is a major pathogen of B. mori densovirus (BmDNV) ( Tijssen & Bergoin, 1995 Wang et al., 2007). In silkworms, almost 80% of total cocoon loss originate by viral diseases induced mainly by BmNPV ( Gomi, Majima, & Maeda, 1999 Rahman & Gopinathan, 2004), BmCPV ( Cao et al., 2012), and B. Amongst pathogens, viruses severely affect host physiology. Few silkworm-encoded miRNAs have also been implicated in host-pathogen interactions ( Wang et al., 2014). mori and are available at miRbase ( Kozomara, Birgaoanu, & Griffiths-Jones, 2019). So far, 563 mature miRNAs have been identified in the B. The regulatory nature of the miRNAs makes them an ideal candidate to explore host-pathogen interactions. These reports demonstrate that with protein-coding genes, miRNAs' expression also responds to the pathogen infection. Several studies have assessed the silkworm response to various pathogen attacks at gene expression level ( Cheng et al., 2016 Jiang et al., 2016 Sun, Guo, Xia, Jiang, & Zhao, 2020 Wu, Jiang, Guo, Li, & Chen, 2016 Wu, Qin, Qian, Chen, & Guo, 2016 Wang, Tang, Shen, & Swevers, 2014). Arunkumar, in Methods in Microbiology, 2021 3 Host-encoded microRNAs in B. Other resources for comparative and functional genomics include expressed sequence tag (EST) and proteomics databases, microarrays, techniques for germline transformation and RNA interference (RNAi), and vectors for high-yield expression of foreign proteins using silkworm larvae and cultured cells as bioreactors.

The complete genome sequence integrated with molecular linkage and physical maps was published in 2008, accelerating positional cloning of classical mutations.

mori doublesex whose messenger RNA (mRNA) undergoes differential splicing in females and males early evidence for lack of dosage compensation between males and females is under study. The sex differentiation cascade includes B. The W chromosome, composed largely of repeated sequences, carries the female-determining ‘Fem’ locus whose molecular identity remains unknown. Chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization has enabled direct localization of single-copy genes, revealing significant synteny between the silkworm and moths and butterflies separated by up to 100 million years of evolution. Silkworm chromosomes are holokinetic, displaying few physical landmarks using traditional cytogenetic techniques. More than 350 mutations, including one introgressed from its nearest relative, Bombyx mandarina, are mapped on 26 of 28 predicted linkage groups and used for many fundamental studies. Goldsmith, in Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics (Second Edition), 2013 Abstractīombyx mori, the domesticated silkworm, is the leading genetic and genomic model for the Lepidoptera.

Bombyx mori life cycle ppt